Doping by capping layers followed by thermal diffusion viking g-5 is an effective way to improve electromigration reliability in Cu interconnects and extend the lifetime of electronic devices.However, the dopant atoms will cause extra electron scattering, exacerbating the interconnect resistivity issues.Herein, we focused on clarifying the influenc

The article substantiates the problem of performing translation analysis of cross-cultural incongruity in English anecdotes in Ukrainian translation using the methodology consisting of four methodological blocks (qualification, linguocultural, linguistic, and translation ones).The purpose of the article is to justify the presented cognitive and dis

Submarine pipelines are important resource delivery devices between land and ocean.For safety reasons, pipelines are often embedded beneath the seabed at a certain depth, to reduce the risk of direct damage to the pipeline.In the past, various kinds of detection equipment have been used for pipeline inspection, to ensure the normal operation of pip

In the 20th century, the transformation of identity into Malay in East Sumatra occurred in a pattern similar to that in other regions.This transformation of identity was closely related to 310.32.42.50.01.001 the river as a means of transportation at that time.Through rivers, the rural communities carried commodities to be traded at the downstream,

The magnitude of the host immune response can be regulated by either stimulatory oas ba?adores or inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules.Receptor-ligand binding between inhibitory molecules is often exploited by tumours to suppress anti-tumour immune responses.Immune checkpoint inhibitors that block these inhibitory interactions can relieve T-cells